ENDOSULFAN INDUCED HISTOPATHOLOGY OF RETINA AND OPTIC NERVE OF HETEROPNEUSTES FOSSILIS (BLOCH)G.S. SANDHU, N.S. DHARIWAL AND R. KAURAbstract In this study, organochlorine pesticide, endosulfan induced alterations in the histostructure of retina and optic nerve were studied in freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) on exposure to five sublethal concentrations viz. 0.0008, 0.0012, 0.0016, 0.002 and 0.0024 mg/L of endosulfan for 30d and 45d durations. On exposure to higher concentrations of endosulfan, degeneration of retinal cell of different layers leading to vacuolation and separation of ganglion cell layer were depicted. Also, accumulation of blood cells was a consistent feature in both exposure durations. Induced pathological alterations in histoarchitecture of optic nerve included thinning of fibrous sheath, degeneration of nervous tissue and scattering of blood cells. It is suggested on the basis of the present study that endosulfan caused damage to retinal layers and optic nerve of the fish, Heterpneustes fossilis that will result in impaired image formation. This will also hamper the perception of the amount of light that falls on retina, which may in turn disturbs the regulation of reproductive cycle of the fish as well, resulting in decrease fecundity and poor fish yield. In the wild this situation can lead to decline in fishery stock.
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