Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Paper

Vol 11, Issue 4, 2009; Page No.(717-721 )

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA VARIATION WITHIN AND BETWEEN THE GALLUS SPECIES

JAIYASHI GUPTA, JOSE MATHEWS, SANJEEV KUMAR SHUKLA, SOMESH MEHRA, MANISH MEHRA, ASH WAN! SHARMA AND DEEPAK SHARMA

Abstract

Nucleotide sequence variation in two ribosomal genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA), two ATPase genes (ATPase 6 & ATPase 8), three Cytochrome Oxidase genes (COI, COII & COIII), one Cytochrome B gene (Cytb) and 7 NADP dehrdrogenase genes (ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, ND5 and ND6) was used to estimate genetic diversity between domestic fowl breeds (G. g.dornesticus), three G.gallus subspecies (G. g. spadicus, G. g.gallus and G. g.bankiva) and three other Gallus species (G.varius, G.lafayetei, G. sonneratii). Domestic fowl breeds showed very low sequence variability (0.000 to 0.007) among themselves as well as with other G. galltts subspecies (0.000 to 0.009), however different Gallus species showed comparatively high nucleotide divergence between themselves (0.016 to 0.076). Based on cumulative nucleotide sequence variability for all the genes, different subspecies of G.gallus formed single cluster, while other three jungle fowls made separate group with very high bootstrap support (71-100). Further, the genetic relatedness of G. ganurghi (Indian red jungle fowl) with them were estimated on the basis of nucleotide variability over 448 bp partial 12S rRNA and 610 bp partial 16S rRNA genes. The G. g.murghi showed very low nucleotide variability with the domestic fowl breeds as well as with other G.gallus (0.003 to 0.007) in comparison to much high nucleotide variability with other three jungle fowls (0.015 to 0.042). The phylogenetic analysis also revealed very high genetic similarity between G. gallus murghi and other G.gallus subspecies including G. g.domesticus.

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