Pollution Research Paper

Vol 33, Issue 03, 2014 ; Page No.(559-566 )

ENUMERATING THE EFFICACY OF NATURAL COAGULANTS IN WATER TREATMENT

C. NIRMALA RANI, RAJASHEKAR TALIKOTI AND S.R. KANNAN

Abstract

Coagulation is an essential process in the treatment of both turbid surface and industrial waste waters normally precedes the more complex secondary and tertiary water treatment processes. A review of biomass coagulant obtained from natural sources, processes, effectiveness and their relevant coagulant mechanisms for treatment of turbid water is presented. These coagulants are used as Point-of-Use technology in underdeveloped communities since they are relatively cost effective and available in abundant compared to chemical coagulants and can be easily processed and biodegradable. These natural coagulants, when they are used for treatment of waters with turbidity range 50 – 500 NTU are comparable to chemical coagulants in terms of treatment efficiency. The mechanisms for turbidity removal by these coagulants are adsorption followed by charge neutralization or polymeric bridging effect. The frequently studied coagulants are seeds of Moringa oleifera and Strychnos potatorum, pads and fruits of Cactus Opuntia, Okra Gum and mucilage extracted from the fruits of Coccinia indica etc. Once optimized, utilization of natural coagulants as they are renewable sources, will definitely create important progress in sustainable environmental technology as it will improve the quality of life for the developing countries.

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