Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Paper

Vol 16, Issue 4, 2014; Page No.(819-825)

ISOLATION AND PRODUCTION OF BIOSURFACTANT FROM MARINE BACTERIA

A. JAYACHITRA, A. SOMA PRABHA, T.S. BLESSY THAYALIN AND V. PRABAKARAN

Abstract

Surfactants, surface active amphiphilic molecules, have a broad spectrum of applications, from everyday tasks such as washing the dishes to advanced oil recovery operations. Biosurfactants are amphiphilic compounds which are produced on living surfaces, mainly on surfaces of microorganisms or may be also secreted extra cellular and it contains both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties which reduces the surface and interfacial tension of the surface and interface respectively. The present study demonstrated the isolation and characterization of biosurfactant producing microorganisms from sea water and sediment samples. The screening of biosurfactant producing microorganisms was carried out employing different parameters such as surface activity and emulsification activity. Our study revealed strain S2 and S3 showed positive results. Oil displacement test and Heamolytic activity revealed an enhanced activity. On analysis with emulsification activity with petrol as substrate it was found out that an increased emulsion with 72% was recorded against Bacillus subtilis (S3) and followed by (S2) Bacillus cereus. Besides, on carbon sources tested such as glucose, sucrose, petrol exhibited efficient biosurfactant production. An optimum pH of 8 was found better for surfactant production. The crude surfactant production from Bacillus obtained from marine samples were tested for antibacterial activity against pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescence and E. coli were found effective in inhibition of pathogens.

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