Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Paper

Vol 16, Issue 4, 2014; Page No.(917-920)

STUDY OF MYCO-ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HISTORICAL MONUMENTS

NEHA SHARMA, SHRADDHA DUBEY, RITA SINGH AND D.S. RATHORE

Abstract

Cultural heritage assets are exposed to weather and submitted to influence of environmental parameters. Physicals, chemicals and biological factors interact with constitutive materials. The air contains a large amount of biological and a biotic component such as, pollen grains, fungal spores, insects, mites, fibers and dust particles but their number and concentration depend upon the geographical location, types of vegetation and meteorological parameters. Fungal ability in producing pigments and organic acids have a crucial role in the discoloration and degradation of different types of stone in cultural heritage objects. Fungi are heterotrophic complex communities. They need organic matter for metabolism, thus produces pigments and organic acids. These acids are responsible for biodeterioration of various cultural objects. Additionally, stone objects may support the communities of microorganisms that are active in the biodeterioration process. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to summarize data on the fungal impact on biodeterioration processes. Present investigation focuses on mycobial survey of the Kamala Raja Girls College, Gwalior (M.P.) and study carried out August 2013 to December 2014. During the investigation period 17 fungal species were isolated from the surface of monument. The fungal species isolated during the study are Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., Curvularia spp., Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Rhodotorula spp., Candida spp. The most frequently isolated fungi belong to genus Aspergillus.

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