Z.I. Usanova, M.N. Pavlov, N.S. Chernikova and S.E. Pryadein
Abstract
The paper presents the results of research carried out in 2017-2019 on well-cultivated sod-podzol soil in the Tver region (Russia) to study the reaction of 12 modern potato varieties to changes in agro-climatic conditions in the region when cultivated using environmentally friendly technology with 90 cm spacing. It was found that a fuller realization of the biological potential of the varieties was observed in one year (2019) with increased air temperatures (17.0 ºC) during the âseedling-floweringâ period and moderate temperatures (15.0 ºC) during the âflowering-ripeningâ period. Under these conditions, the varieties Kolomba, Vineta, Skarb, and Lyubava formed programmed yields (30 t/ha) and even higher yields (30.84-37.60 t/ha) due to the high photosynthetic activity. A direct positive dependence was established between the yield capacity and the accumulated temperatures (r = 0.82) and the amount of precipitation (r = 0.84). A negative dependence (r = -0.82) was observed for the average daily temperature during the âflowering-ripeningâ period. On average for three years, the Colomba, Valiza, and Buren varieties with the yield capacity of 83.6-89.9% of the programmed level, as well as Gala and Valiza (yield capacity of 74.4-77.4% of the programmed level) realized their biological potential most fully.