Priti Bhosale and Yogini Mulay
Abstract
The growing global energy demand and the environmental concerns associated with fossils fuels have sparked a shift towards renewable and sustainable energy sources, such as bioethanol. Bioethanol, a renewable liquid biofuel is a potential solution to address the challenges of energy security and climate changes. Conventionally first-generation biofuels can be produced through fermentation of starch-rich biomass i.e sugars to ethanol. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the bioethanol production process, encompassing pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation by various microorganisms, and downstream processing. This focuses on the bioethanol production using microorganisms from starch-rich feedstock such as corn, wheat, potato, cassava and agricultural residues. Overall, the review emphasizes the potential of microbial bioethanol production towards a more sustainable energy landscape.