Bushra M. J. Alwasha , Sattar A. Shlahib and Sumaya F. Hamadc
Abstract
The research was conducted to study the effect of elicitor (Fusarium oxysporum) and precursor (anthranilicacid) on accumulation of dianthalexin in callus culture initiated from leaf of Dianthus caryophyllus. Calluswas induced in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media in the presence of 1.0 mg/L Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid(2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/L Benzyl adenine (BA), supplemented with F. oxysporum (0.0, 2.0,4.0 or 6.0) mL/L andanthranilic acid (0.0, 1.0, 5.0 or 10.0) mg/L. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of dianthalexin wasperformed by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after three and six days culture.Cytological study was performed on callus treated with F. oxysporum and anthranilic acid by usingParadichlorobenzen (PDB) for chromosomes pretreatment and dimeric cyanine nucleic acid stain (YOYO-1) for staining. Anthranilic acid at 10.0 mg/L was the most effective for stimulated dianthalex in in callusafter three days gave 102.46 μg/mL followed by F. oxysporumat concentration 4.0 mL/L after three daystoo, gave 73.74 μg/mL comparison with dianthalexin in leaf of intact plant 6.33 μg/mL and in untreatedcallus 28.15 μg/mL. Addition of F. oxysporum and anthranilic acid lead to change in chromosome numbers.Dianthalexin accumulation in treated callus coupled with chromosomal variation especially in callus treatedwith 4.0 mL/L F. oxysporum and 10.0 mg/L anthranilic acid which have tetraploid cells.