Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

BOVINE HYDROXYAPATITE EXTRACTION FROM COW BONE WASTE AS RAW MATERIAL FOR BONE SCREW

Aniek Setiya Budiatin, Dyah Hikmawati, Samirah, Toetik Aryani, Wenny P.N., Profinika Munasir, Oky Savitri Zaini and Dinda Citra Aprilia

Abstract

This study was aimed to extract Bovine Hydroxy Apatite (BHA) from bone waste which was the sorting result of waste from the Animal Slaughtering Center, PPH. The method used was the boiling method using a high-pressure pan followed by washing with alcohol then sintered, crushed and sieved with an 80-mesh sieve. The extracted BHA was used as a bio-screw raw material by adding 10% gelatin and glutaraldehyde crosslinker. Extracted BHA was characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDAX and XRD. The results of bio-screw printing were then characterized its compressive strength. From 3.693 ± 0.264 kg of bone waste, it was obtained 1.308 ± 0.107 kg of BHA extraction result which could be calculated approximately 35.3% of the initial weight of bone waste. FTIR BHA extraction test results identified the presence of hydroxyl (OH-) functional groups at wave numbers of 570, 602, 3571 cm-1, carbonate function groups (-CO32-) at wave numbers of 1412, 14575 cm-1 and phosphate function groups (PO4 3-) at 473, 962,1049,1089 cm-1 wave number. SEMEDAX test resulted particles with <1 μm size which were distributed evenly, with 1.74 Ca / P ratio. The result of X-Ray diffractometer (XRD) identified hydroxyapatite {Ca10 (PO4)5.52 (HPO4)0.15 (SiO4)0.33 (OH)1.66 O0.19} hexagonal structure with a lattice constant a = b = 9.4180Å, and c = 6.8835 Å. Bio-screw was successfully printed and tested for compressive strength which was then known that the result range from 9.56 to 11.36 MPa. The value was suitable for cancellous bone repair.