Pollution Research Paper

FERTILIZERS, TYPES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON PLANTS: A REVIEW

NAVEENA DINODIA1 AND SEEMA KUMARI*

Abstract

With fewer resources available, it is more challenging to meet the demands of the expanding population. A decline in agricultural output has been caused by pests, a shortage of fertilizers, and declining soil quality. As a result, fertilizers’ contribution to agricultural productivity has grown in significance. The usage of biofertilizers has increased since chemical fertilizers have a significant detrimental effect on soil fertility. These are the substances that could or might not contain germs or latent cells. They add the nutrients and bacteria that the soil needs in order for the plants to grow. They are crucial in preserving the fertility of the soil. They clean out the harmful substances that are the root of plant problems in addition to being helpful for the environment. Two examples of such widely used biofertilizers are Acetobacter and Rhizobium. Fertilizers boost a plant’s defenses to make it more resistant to insect assaults. As a consequence, they are using less pesticides and herbicides, which lead to crops that are ultimately in better shape. Because fewer illnesses are present as a result, the crops have a better aesthetic value. When fertilizers are employed, plants’ root systems can be strengthened and made better able to hold water. The plants’ stalks and straws get stronger as a result of the fertilizers’ high potassium content. Plants that receive phosphorus from fertilizers expand their roots and produce seeds more quickly. Plants may produce seeds with the aid of phosphorus. The presence of nitrogen in fertilizers, which promotes plant development and accounts for the color of plants, results in the hue of green