IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE VARIABLES ON THRIPS COMPLEX IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT: AN OVERVIEWAbinaya S., Sreenivas A.G., Srikant N. and Sanjay M.Abstract The model predicted species range in respect of discrimination of suitable and unsuitable areas for its occurrence both in current and future climatic scenarios. The model provided a good fit for species distribution with a high value of area under the curve (0.957). The jackknife test indicated annual mean temperature and precipitation were found to be the most important bioclimatic variable in determining the distribution of T. parvispinus. High suitability areas were predicted in the countries wherever its occurrence was reported with high discrimination ability of suitable and unsuitable areas. Key distinguishing morphological characters of T. parvispinus were illustrated through high-resolution scanning electron microscopic images. The identity of the thrips causing wide spread damage in chilli is confirmed through morphological and molecular approaches. Key identifying characters were described through high resolution scanning electron microscopic images for accurate identification of the species. Max Ent model identified high-suitability regions for the potential establishment of T. parvispinus in India and other parts of the world. This study facilitates forecasting of further spread and also suggests imposing strict domestic quarantine measures to curtail its establishment in the new areas. Changing climate can alter the growth and development of herbivorous insects by changing the host plants, including nutrient quality and defensive chemicals/metabolites. Particularly in C3 plants, high atmospheric CO2 levels enhance plant photosynthetic efficiency, and this often results in a change in leaf tissue quality, in particular the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, thereby decreasing the nutritional quality for the herbivore. Effect of climate change is more in temperate insects which affect their range expansion, host enemy synchrony and interspecific competition. Thrips are the major pest in both temperate and tropical ecosystem. It is very evident that thrips is expanding its geographical and host range. Example, Thrips parvispinus which is native to Taiwan & Indonesia, now spread to allover the world. One of the reasons behind this is a climate change. It mainly affects the horticultural crops and causes huge loss. In this, review we are going to know about major horticultural pests and its response to climate change. |