COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MICROORGANISMS IN POTABLE WATER: A STUDY IN BIKANER ZONE, INDIAMIRZA ZUNAID UR REHMAN AND NAKULESHWAR DUT JASUJAAbstract Pathogenic bacteria contaminating drinking water is a serious public health concern, particularly in underdeveloped nations. The objective of this research was to examine and contrast the microbiological quality of several sources of drinking water in the Bikaner area of Rajasthan, India. In both urban and rural regions, water samples were taken from borewells, canals, rivers, tube wells, and taps. Conventional microbiological techniques were used to evaluate total coliforms, fecal coliforms and specific pathogens. The results showed that all water sources had higher microbial counts than WHO guidelines, with well water and river water being most contaminated. Borewell water had the lowest microbial load, though still above recommended limits. Total coliforms ranged from 2 x 104 to 32 x 104 CFU/100 ml across samples. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Pseudomonas species were frequently isolated. This indicates fecal contamination and health risks for consumers. Proper treatment and disinfection of all water supplies is essential. Regular monitoring, improved sanitation infrastructure and hygiene promotion among communities is urgently needed to provide potable water and reduce waterborne diseases. This study provides important baseline data for designing appropriate interventions. |